Selenium Interview Questions with Answers

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1. What is WebDriverManager and why is it useful?

WebDriverManager is a library that is used to auto-manage browser driver binaries. It eliminates the need to download and set paths manually.

WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup(); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

2. How do you validate the presence of a hidden element in Selenium?

To validate the presence of a hidden element in Selenium, Use:

element.isDisplayed();

For deeper inspection, use getCssValue(“display”) or getAttribute(“style”).

3. Can Selenium handle Windows pop-ups?

Selenium cannot handle Windows-based pop-ups directly and it needs tools like AutoIT or Robot class.

4. How to handle dropdowns in Selenium?

To handle dropdowns in Selenium, Use the Select class with methods like:

selectByVisibleText()
selectByIndex()
selectByValue()

5. What is the difference between driver.get() and driver.navigate().to()?

driver.get() and driver.navigate().to are used to navigate to a URL. navigate().to() also allows navigating back/forward and refreshing the page.

6. Can you automate CAPTCHA with Selenium?

No, It is recommended to disable CAPTCHA in test environments as CAPTCHA is designed to prevent automation.

7. How to handle multiple browser windows in Selenium?

In selenium, multiple browser windows can be handled by using getWindowHandles() and switchTo().window() to switch between windows.

8. What is the use of JavascriptExecutor in Selenium?

JavascriptExecutor is used to execute JavaScript commands directly within the browser.

9. How do you take a screenshot in Selenium?

To take screenshots in Selenium, Use TakesScreenshot interface and getScreenshotAs() method.

10. What framework will you use when you need to test 1,000 forms across different users?

Testing 1,000 forms across different users can be done by Data-Driven Framework with Excel/CSV input and tools like Apache POI or OpenCSV.

11. What is Fluent Wait in Selenium?

Fluent Wait is a wait with customized polling frequency and exception ignoring logic.

Wait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<>(driver) .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30)) .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5)) .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

12. How do you scroll down to an element in Selenium?

Scroll down to an element in Selenium using JavaScriptExecutor.

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);

13. How do you integrate Selenium with Jenkins?

To integrate Selenium with Jenkins, Create a Jenkins job to run your test automation scripts using Maven/Gradle or a shell/batch command, and configure triggers as needed.

14. How will you handle if the elements get loaded after 5 seconds?

Use Explicit Wait (e.g., WebDriverWait with ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated()).

15. How do you find broken links on a webpage using Selenium?

Finding broken links on a webpage involves collecting all anchor tags with findElements(By.tagName(“a”)), fetch href attributes, and use HTTP library to verify response codes.

16. How do you handle stale element reference exception?

Re-locate the element again before interacting or use ExpectedConditions.refreshed() with WebDriverWait.

17. If clicking a button opens a new tab, How do you handle it?

Capture windowHandles() and switch to the new tab using switchTo().window().

18. How do you test it when the page uses infinite scrolling?

When the page uses infinite scrolling, Use JavascriptExecutor to scroll down until the required element is visible.

19. How to validate text in different languages when Application is multilingual?

To validate text in different languagesz Use property files or data files for expected translations and verify using getText().

20. What is the purpose of Actions class in Selenium?

Actions class can be used for complex user gestures like mouse hover, drag and drop, double-click, right-click.

Actions action = new Actions(driver); action.moveToElement(element).perform();

21. How to handle locators when elements have dynamic IDs?

Handle locators when elements have dynamic IDs using XPath functions like contains(), starts-with(), or CSS with partial attributes.

22. How do you handle alert popups in Selenium?

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); alert.accept(); // or alert.dismiss();

23. How do you test the same script on Chrome and Firefox?

WebDriverManager can be used to handle drivers and parameterize browser names to launch accordingly.

24. How do you handle SSL Certificate errors in Selenium?

To accept insecure certificates, Use DesiredCapabilities or ChromeOptions/FirefoxOptions

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); options.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

25. How do you select a date from a calendar widget?

Click on the date picker, then locate the appropriate date element (usually using XPath/CSS) and click it.

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Selenium Interview Questions with Answers